As you say, the word translated as "effeminate" could be a huge range of effects—like cowardice on the battlefield! Christians today like to say it's a "bottom" in gay sex, which is just goofy.

It's not at all clear that Jerome even knew what these terms meant in Paul's letters. They may be cultic terms that were really not to be spoken about, hence their rarity.

If I could condense my own thesis here, it's that the terms in the "vice lists" are pointers to pagan deities or "forces" identified in biblical terms.

An important point: in biblical spirituality, humans are not to speak poorly of any deities. In Exodus 22:27 LXX there's a line removed in later Bibles: "Do not speak ill of gods." We see it in the NT, too, that deities are not to be insulted and there may even be a restricting on *naming* them, as uttering the name of a deity seems to be understood as invoking its presence.

I think the "vice" terms are roundabout pointers to deities, and to the wise could reduce to lists of names of specific angels seen to be active in the geographical zone under discussion (Corinth, Rome, etc.).